![]() ![]() The PacBio HiFi DNA sequencing method can read about 20,000 letters with nearly perfect accuracy. Over the past decade, two new DNA sequencing technologies emerged that can read longer sequences without compromising accuracy. ![]() Such methods still leave some gaps in genome sequences. These provide several hundred bases of DNA sequence at a time, which are then stitched together by computers. “Short-read” technologies were originally used to sequence the human genome. T2T is led by researchers at NIH’s National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), the University of California, Santa Cruz, and the University of Washington, Seattle. NHGRI was the primary funder. The work was done by the Telomere to Telomere (T2T) consortium. Companion papers were also published in several other journals. The final, complete human genome sequence was described in a set of six papers in the April 1, 2022, issue of Science. Since then, researchers have developed better laboratory tools, computational methods, and strategic approaches. But scientists knew that the last 8% likely contained information important for fundamental biological processes. The technologies to decipher the gaps that remained didn’t exist at the time. ![]() The Human Genome Project, completed in 2003, covered about 92% of the total human genome sequence. Researchers completed the first gap-free sequence of the entire human genome. ![]()
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